托福作文材料
篇一：托福写作必备经典素材
最新版经典万用素材
死了还要用——孔子
Confucius, a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, has exerted a significant influence on the thought and life of Chinese, whose philosophy emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity, which gained prominence in China over other doctrines, such as Taoism or Legalism.
一例多用
4,12,26,28,38,52,79,86,89, 91, 96, 98, 116, 124, 141, 142, 146, 147, 149, 165, 171,176,183
我要一步一步往上爬——马斯洛需求金字塔
In 1954 American psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed that all people are
motivated to fulfill a hierarchical pyramid of needs. At the bottom of Maslow’s pyramid are needs essential to survival, such as the needs for food, water, and sleep. The need for safety follows these physiological needs. According to Maslow, higher-level needs become important to us only after our more basic needs are satisfied. These higher needs include the need for love and belongingness, the need for esteem, and the need for self-actualization (in Maslow’s theory, a state in which people realize their greatest potential).
微观问题 —— 名人点点，名句背背
衣：
For example, a well-dressed man seldom spits at random, a woman in glorious dresses is more likely to talk in a gentle tone, and a clean dressed child seems quiet than others. It might be explained that different dresses give people different self-images, and most people subconsciously behave according to their own self-images.
A parvenu on the other hand, will finally find out the fact that his exorbitantly dear dresses is of no use to make him a gentleman, and he even eventually fail to make him look like a gentleman. Maybe those are right who said it takes at least three generations to cultivate a gentleman.
青少年的外表与内心
Already, it can be seen how western movies are exercising influence on our youth generation: they grow long-hair regardless of their sex, commonly part of which are dyed in gold; they wear jeans in each and every season, usually knees of which are
deliberately tattered; boys are fond of earrings or other odd pendants; and girls are keen on Marlboros and weird coarse languages.
食：
There is no love sincerer than the love of food. - George Bernard Shaw It’s amazing how pervasive food is. Every second commercial is for food. Every second TV episode takes place around a meal. In the city, you can’t go ten feet
without seeing or smelling a restaurant. There are 20 foot high hamburgers up to billboards. I am acutely aware of food, and its omnipresence is astounding.Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper.
Tomatoes and oregano make it Italian; wine and tarragon make it French. Sour cream makes it Russian; Lemon and cinnamon make it Greek. Soy sauce makes it Chinese; garlic makes it good.
Food is our common ground, a universal experience. A dinner lubricates business.
You don’t have to cook fancy or complicate masterpieces - just good food from fresh ingredients.
生活类万金油之 —— 健康啊便利
健康
运动运动
In contemporary society, a multitude of people are increasingly aware of the fundamentality of maintaining health, so as to enjoying better life quality and longevity. In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly, as sports and health are intrinsically connected. Doing sports will greatly increase people's metabolism, and strengthen our physique. Sports also help to refresh people's mind from brainwork all day and night, and even more surprisingly, exercising can stimulate people's brains to work more actively and creatively. Overall, sports are not the business of a small group of athletes, but a life-long pursuit that every person should bear in mind and endeavor to put it into practice. Not only do sports benefit individuals, the improvement of the nation's health would be a huge contribution to our country's development.
We might also cite an allegorical story. It is said that an individual’s life is accompanied with five balls, which are lover, family, career, health and friend. Lover,
family, career and friends are all rubber balls, consequently, it could bound back when falling to ground. On the contrast, health is the unique glass ball, which is fragile enough to be ruined with a single drop.The increasingly sedentary lifestyle will engender a higher incidence of ailments. More overweight people means more patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as vein hardening, diabetes and hypertension.
便利（节省时间\时间灵活\交通\休闲\健身\娱乐\吃喝\购物） People are concerned about the efficiency with the accelerating tempo of life. The more the better. The fast the better. In this regard, XX takes the top priority. For instance, whenever people click on a search engine and key in a few words into the search box, they will get huge amounts of information. The amazing thing is, all the searching is done in a few seconds, which spares people a great
deal of time to enjoy the entertainment such as body-building, watching opera or a movie in their leisure time.
其他参考：
Telecommuting can spare workers the everyday chore of traveling back and forth to work.
Global cultural homogeneity has immensely eiched the lives of the denizens in developing countries. For instance, now Holly wood blockbusters typically get their first screening in China within a couple of days after their American premiere, and youths in China can download singles topping billboard charts from the Internet without having to scout around in a CD store. Enhanced TV connectivity affords Chinese viewers chances to see primetime American TV shows. This ease of access to a multitude of foreign amusements has really brightened up the lives of many.
娱乐
旅游
Travel is more than the seeing of sights; it is a change that goes on, deep and permanent, in the ideas of living.
艺术
Art is the desire of a man to express himself, to record the reactions of his personality to the world he lives in.
Art is the collaboration between God and the artist, and the l
better.
Art is born of the observation and investigation of nature.Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up.
摄影
Photography, fortunately, to me has not only been a profession by also a contact between people - to understand human nature and record, if possible, the best in each individual.
音乐
Music has charms to soothe the savage beasts, to soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak.
音乐的魅力能感化凶残，软化岩石，还能柔化多节的橡树。
My heart, which is so full to overflowing, has often been solaced and refreshed by when sick and weary.
我无比充实的心灵总是能在它悲伤和疲倦的时候因为音乐而重获快乐和活力。
I think I should have no other mortal wants, if I could always have plenty of music. It seems to infuse strength into my limbs and ideas into my brain. Life seems to go on without effort, when I am filled with music.Develop interest in life as you see it; in people, things, literature, music - the world is so rich, simply throbbing with rich treasures, beautiful souls and interesting people.Fashion
A fashion is nothing but an induced epidemic.
Fashion is a form of ugliness so intolerable that we have to alter it every six months.
休息???
?
Leisure hours are of great importance for people. Living under stress for a long time is harmful to health, causing symptoms such as ulcer and high blood pressure. If a man insisted always on being serious, he would go mad or become unstable without knowing it. The secrets of energy lie in the art of having leisure.
动物：
Animals are such agreeable friends - they ask no questions, they pass no criticisms. - George EliotA person can learn a lot from a dog, even a loopy one like ours. Marley taught me about living each day with unbridled exuberance and joy, about seizing the moment and
following your heart. He taught me to appreciate the simple things - a walk in the woods, a fresh snowfall, a nap in a shaft of winter sunlight. And as he grew old and achy, he taught me about optimism in the face of adversity. Mostly, he taught me about friendship and selflessness and, above all else, unwavering loyalty.
? If a dog jumps in your lap, it is because he is fond of you; but if a cat does the same thing, it is because your lap is warmer.The dog was created especially for children. He is the god of frolic. Dogs are not our whole life, but they make our lives whole.God loved the birds and invented trees. Man loved the birds and invented cages.We call them dumb animals, and so they are, for they cannot tell us how they feel, but they do not suffer less because they have no words.
Sir Winston Churchill once said, “I like pigs. Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us. Pigs treat us as equals”.
家庭
Call it a clan, call it a network, call it a tribe, or call it a family. Whatever you call it, whoever you are, you need one. - Jane Howard.
It is dismal coming home, when there is nobody to welcome one! Happiness is having a large, loving, caring, close-knit family in another city.
MarriageA great marriage is not when the “perfect couple” comes together. It is when an imperfect couple learns to enjoy their differences.
A successful marriage really requires falling in love many times, always with the same person.
That is what marriage really means: helping one another to reach the full status of being persons, responsible and autonomous beings who do not run away from life.
篇二：托福作文科技素材
托福作文科技素材
1：工业革命
Industrial Revolution:技术改变生活方式，改变女性地位，机械替代人类劳动
2：亚里士多德 Aristotle Greek philosopher
the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thoughtThe crystal ball model of universe
在其哲学体系里，理论服从实地观察和逻辑，以三段论为基础，基本上是理性研究的理论方法博学通才与专才的关系，人类通过最初浅的观察描述世界，不完善的物理理论仍然被相信。
3: 哥白尼 Copernicus
Polish astronomer who advanced the theory that the earth and other planets revolve around the sun, disrupting the Ptolemaic system of astronomy。
哥白尼， 波兰天文学家，他提出地球及其它行星绕太阳运动的日心说，推翻了托勒密的天文学理论即地心体系。
挑战权威，即使非主流思想也可能成为主流
一个人的价值由后人评价
Religion power 宗教势力
4：Bruno 布鲁诺 Burned to death in Rome Square
Unlimited universe
不畏惧死亡，不服从权威，坚持真理
Galileo 伽利略 be sent to prison
Gravitational acceleration
Telescope
Discovery of the satellite of Jupiter
逻辑思维，挑战权威，为后人铺垫，重视实验和想象推理的结合
5：Newton 牛顿
引力定律： Law of gravitational
受到他人思想的启发，综合前人思想：Hook，Galileo
微积分：Calculus 自己创立数学模型解决问题，不一定拘泥于前人，创新思想。
Maxwell
6：爱因斯坦 Einstein Albert 1879—1955
专利局 patent office
光电效应： Photoelectric effect
狭义相对论：Special theory of relativity
广义相对论：General theory of relativity
The existence of Ether
挑战前人思想，实验基础结合想象，科学与艺术的结合
He got his idea (inspiration) when he was playing the violin。Criticize the quantum physics: lead to the improvement of quantum physics
批评带来进步
篇三：托福作文开头的两种写作方法
托福作文开头的两种写作方法
托福写作,托福写作开头
。托福作文的开头自然是有至关重要的作用!小马网校的老师整理了托福作文开头的两种写作方法，帮助考生写作靓丽的开头!
托福作文开头的两种写作方法。接下来我们就要进入这个开头段写作方法的讲解。
一、托福独立写作议论文的开头很重要!
文章构成我觉得有必要说一下，因为其实就是这个独立写作，之前不是说议论文，议论文的话，有一个通用的一个范式，大家不要追求把文章写的太玄妙，因为不是好的议论文该有的特点，以后大家写作文的时候，都按照这个结构来写，开头段必须有，结尾段也必须有，中间是主体段，主体段写两到三段都可以，后面对应的功能也是规定好的。开头段就是要引入话题，表明观点，有的同学写开头段的时候没有表明观点，这个是不可以的，开头段必须表明自己的观点，开头段的作用就是引入话题表明观点。然后结尾段就是概括要点，重审观点，最后再说一下我同意还是不同意，然后把整片文章再稍微归纳一下，中间主体段就是展开论证。开头段的确是非常重要，就是你这篇文章给人的firstimpression.那整个文章是写在了四段式五段式都可以，加上开拓段结尾段，四段式五段式都可以，也就是说主体段两段三段都可以，我们下面来讲这个开头段的写作。
二、托福独立写作开头的两种写作方法
开头段今天给大家介绍两种写作方法，一种比较好用，操作性比较强，比较简单，然后可能技术含量会稍微小一点，另外一种可能会稍微难点，第一种叫观点对比法，还有一种是背景法。分别来看一下怎么写。观点对立法很简单，顾名思义就是把不同任的观点列出来，简单的讲一下，再说自己的观点，就是有的人觉得怎么样，另一些人认为怎么样，在我看来怎么怎么样，非常简单的结构。我们看一下这个例题还有我给出的开头段的例子。
Intwentyyears,printedbookswillnolongerbeinexistence.这是写作营我们前两天练过一道题，20年后纸质书将不复存在，这个题也是属于我们的绝对词题型里面一个极端的一个nolonger，然后我们看一下这样的一道题，关联对比法，开头段怎么写。
Somepeopleholdthate-bookswillsubstituteprintedbooksbecausetheyarenotonlyconvenientbutalsomoneysaving.Othersmaintainthatcomparedtoprintedbooks,thedrawbacksofe-booksoutweighitsadvantages.Frommyownperspective,theassumptionthatprintedbookswillnolongerbeneededisunwarranted.我待会儿会给大家讲这个观点对比法的好处和坏处。我们看一下，Somepeopleholdthat，一些人认为，这个电子书将会取代纸制书，因为他们不仅很方便，而且省钱，这个省钱主要是说从long-term的角度来讲的。Othersmaintainthat就是其他人这么想的，觉得和纸质书相比，thedrawbacksofe-booksoutweighitsadvantages，就是说这个电子书的这个缺点胜过他的优点，就是弊大于利。然后frommyownperspective,表示引入一个自己
的观点，assumption表示推测，unwarranted是说不合理的，就是说这个句子最后的结构是说theassumptionisunwarranted这是它的主干，中间的整个句子是用来修饰assumption.就是说纸质书将不再被需要了。
我们看这样的话，你就可以从里面提炼模板性的东西，首先是Somepeopleholdthat，然后是othersmaintainthat给这个针对这个观点给一个评价，我这里的评价是unwarranted。然后我们这边有同学说，显得很罗嗦，其实这个观点对比法我刚才说了，这个观点对比法是操作性比较强，操作起来很简单，所以说就是有的时候考场上面，而且这个观点对比法基本上不怎么用动脑子，你可以直接机械性的往上打，不怎么需要想。但是也不见得他就是非常明显的凑字数，因为你在观点对比法里面你会列出一些新的细节，比如说convenien和moneysaving，以及”drawbacksoutweighitsadvantages”其实在暗示了你整个文章的这个论证的一个走向，也不一定，看你最后写出来怎么样，总之这个观点对比法是比较好操作，然后省时间，然后不是很费脑子，所以这是一个算是跟我们下面要讲的方法对比，是一个下策，但是可能遇到合适的题目也可以用好。有的同学说绝对性的题目，开头也需要让步吗?开头段啊，开头段我们其实一般不用把逻辑结构写的很复杂，因为只是要引入话题和这个绝对性词，这是一种题型，就是说这个statement当中的观点含有一些比较极端的说法，比如说thebestwaytoimprovethequalityofeducationistoincreaseteachers’salaries.这样的道题，他就说的什么是最好的，这种绝对词题型，把话说的非常极端，里面有时也会有极端的频率词，比如说always、never、nolonger、再比如说一些形容词thebest,themostimportant,这样的题目叫绝对型题。
我们接着刚才说，开头段不要把逻辑结构写的特别复杂，如果说你在开头段要让步转折的话，也是预示你文章的逻辑结构，就是你文章下面要让步，然后转折，他一是个预示的功能，并不是说你在这展开让步，或者是转折。开头段还是尽量写的明确一点，不要写的逻辑特别复杂。
以上就是小马网校老师整理的关于托福写作开头的两种写作方法的内容，希望能够帮助到大家。同时在托福备考过程中遇到疑问可以登录小马网校免费咨询专业的留学老师和托福备考老师。