百度中英文互译
篇一：英汉互译
1 概论1.1翻译的性质和类型
?1.1.1 翻译的概念(或性质):
1) 翻译是跨语言(cross-linguistic)、跨文化(cross-cultural)、跨社会(cross-social)的交际活动。
2) 翻译是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言，跨文化的交际活动。
Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language.
3）翻译的本质是释义,是意义的转换.
Translation is always meaning-based.
? 汉译英是译者将作者为汉语读者所写的汉语文本转换成功能相似、语义相符、供英文读者阅读的英语文本的活动。
翻译是将一种文字之真义全部移至另一种文字而绝不失其风格的神韵。（吴献书，1949） ?翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。（张培基，1980）
?翻译的实质是语际的意义转换。（刘宓庆，1990）
?翻译的定义应该是：―将一种语言传达的信息用另一种语言传达出来。‖（蔡毅，1995） ?翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。（王克非，1997） ?翻译是语际之间的信息传递和语族之间的文化交流。（萧立明，2001）
? ―翻译是一项对语言进行操作的工作，即用一种语言文本来替代另一种语言文本的过程。‖（J.C卡特福德，1994）
? ―翻译是把一种语言的言语产物在保持内容方面，也就是意义不变的情况下，改变为另一种语言的言语产物的过程。‖（巴尔胡达罗夫，1985）
?―翻译是在接受语中寻找和原语信息尽可能按近、自然的对等话语，首先是意义上的对等，其次才是风格上的对等。‖（E.A奈达，1969）
? ——―Translating consists in reproducing in the the closet terms of style.‖
?―翻译乃是与语言行为抉择密切相关的一种语际信息传递的特殊方式。‖（沃尔夫拉姆·威尔斯，1982）
?"翻译是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换的活动，其本质是传播。" （吕俊，1997）。
?1.1.2 翻译的类型
?1) Direction: source language-target/receptor language (从译出语和译入语角度来看):
? a. from foreign language into Chinese
? b. from Chinese into foreign language
?2) Language symbols involved (从涉及的语言符号来看):
? a. intra-lingual translation (语内翻译)
? b. inter-lingual translation (语际翻译)
? c. inter-semiotic translation (符际翻译)
?3) Method of translation (从翻译手段来看)
? a. oral interpretation (口译)
? b. written translation (笔译)
? c. computer/machine translation (机器翻译)
4) Subject of translation (从翻译题材来看)
a. specialized-subject translation (专业性翻译)
b. literary translation (文学翻译)
c. general translation (一般性翻译)
5) Way of translation (从翻译方式上来看)
a. complete/absolute translation (全译)
b. selective translation (摘译)
c. edit and translation/ translation with reconstruction (编译)
1.2汉英翻译的单位
?翻译单位是翻译研究和学习翻译不可忽视的问题，因为它牵涉到在语言转换过程中，在什么层级上实现翻译的标准。汉语和英语的语言层级都有词(word)，短语(phrase)，句子(sentence)，段落(paragraph)和篇章(text)。
?以篇章为翻译单位，固然最理想,有时会太大不可能操作。
?以段落作为翻译单位有时很长单复句关系比较复杂，初学者不容易把握。
? 对初学者而言，句子是较为理想的翻译单位。因为：
?从意义上讲，句子能够表示一个完整意思；从功能上讲，句子表示陈述，疑问，祈使，感叹等语气；从形态上讲，句子末端有句号，问号或感叹号为标志。
? 这些都是句子在层级上高于词和词组之处。汉语的句子，在理解时容易识别，较容易分析，在表达时又较容易重构，转换成与之对应的英语句子。
?必须注意的是,一个句子与相邻的句子之间存在一定语义的关联,这种关联总在以显性或隐性的方式连接在一起.正确地理解一个句子往往不仅要看它本身,往往还要依赖于与它相邻的句子甚至整个篇章,所以孤立地翻译句子而忽视句际之间的关系是不可取的.
1.3 汉英翻译的标准(criteria)
? Criteria of translation is the plumb-line for measuring the quality of a translation and the goal for a translator to strive for.
?1.3.1 Source-language–oriented principle(以译出语为取向的原则).
Characteristics: pay extreme attention to the form of the source text, always adopts a word-for-word / line-for-line translation or transliteration.
e.g. 他是只纸老虎
He is a paper tiger.
这事让他丢脸
This makes him lose face.
?it rains cats and dogs (?)
the Milky Way (?)
the apple of one‘s eye (?)
?2) Target-language-oriented principle (以译入语为取向的原则)
Liberal / free translation:
e.g.: What is done is done.
木已成舟
Kicking a man when he is down.
打落水狗/落井下石
Liberal translation: using large number of domestication / adaptation for the reader‘s sake. This is done at the cost of the loss or damage of the original image sometimes.
三个臭皮匠,合成一个诸葛亮
Two heads are better than one.
?1.3.2Author- and – reader-oriented principle (以作者和读者为取向的原则)
Characteristics: take both the author and the reader into consideration, and strive to be faithful and smooth at the same time.
?18世纪英国爱丁堡大学教授，翻译理论家泰特勒(Alexander F. Tytler)提出的三条翻译基本原理：
1. A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. ?（译文应该完全传达原文的思想）
2. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. ?（译文的风格与笔调应与原文的一致）
3. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.
（译文应像原文一样流畅）
?玄奘: 既须求真又须喻俗
? 严复: (《天演论》卷首的《译例言》) ―信、达、雅‖ ( faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance ) ?―译事三难：信，达，雅。求其信已大难矣，顾信矣不达，虽择犹不择也，则达尚焉。‖ ?Yan Fu‘s ―faithfulness‖ means the full and complete conveying or transmission of the original content or thought.
?His ―expressiveness‖ demands that the version must be clear and flowing without any grammatical mistakes or confused logic and sense.
?So the first two words as translation criteria are acceptable. But his ―elegance‖ is unadoptable because it refers to the use of classical Chinese before that Han Dynasty. Yan Fu held that only the language before the Han Dynasty could be considered elegant and old vocabulary, old structure of Chinese must be used in order to represent the original fully and adequately.
?Therefore he can be said to object to the use of the vernacular or popular language of the people. As a matter of fact, the vernacular began to be in fashion when Yan Fu lived. Facts prove the vernacular or the popular language of the people can be used to translate any foreign language in the world.
?So many people criticized his ―elegance.‖ Furthermore, His ―elegance‖ can only be regarded as one style. Its opposite is the style of ―boldness‖. ―Elegance‖ and ―boldness ‖ constitute two different styles. Of course there are many other styles in translation.
?鲁迅 《(题未定草》)―凡是翻译，必须兼顾两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿．‖；―信，顺‖（faithfulness，smoothness)
?1.3.3Aesthetics-oriented principle (以美学为取向的原则)
?傅雷 ：(《高老头重译本序》) 神似（similarity in spirit）傅雷先生模拟我国传统的绘画理论,提出翻译应当像临画,所求的不在形似而在神似,强调―重神似不重形似‖。
?钱钟书：化境 (sublimation / reincarnation)
?许渊冲：―三美‖（音美，意美，形美 the phonetic beauty, the semantic beauty, the formal beauty） 许渊冲译毛泽东诗词《昆仑》
而今我谓昆仑，不要这么高，不要这多雪，安得倚天抽宝剑，将汝裁为三节：一节赠欧，一节赠美，一节还东国。
I would give to Europe your crest
And to America your breast
And leave the orient the rest.
?许渊冲贺杨振宁新婚
振宁不老松，杨帆为小翁．
多寒情更热，花好驻春风．
The ageless won‘t grow old
You sail with your young bride
love will warm winter cold
spring will ever abide.
Autumn-spring romance, a December-May couple 老夫少妻
?中华儿女多奇志，不爱红装爱武装（毛泽东?为女民兵题照）
Most Chinese daughters have a desire strong
To be battle-dressed and not rosy-gowned.
To face the powder and not powder the face.
1.3.4 Sociosemiotics-oriented principle (以社会符号学为取向的原则)
Characteristics: the translator should take into consideration the meaning and function conveyed by all kinds of language symbols included.
?符号学的翻译原则：在保证特定上下文中最重要的意义优先传译的前提下，尽可能多地传递原语信息的多重意义，以争取原文和译文最大限度的等值。 ?
A) Designative / conceptual meaning (指称意义)
The relationship between the language symbol and the objective world it refers to e.g.: flower（花）
He can play football. (他会踢球)
?B) Linguistic meaning (言内意义): the relationship between language symbols in the level of phonetics, word syntactic and discourse.
The senator picked up his hat and courage. 参议员捡起了帽子，鼓起了勇气．(一语双叙)
Two ghosts walked into a bar and asked the bar tender, ―Do you serve spirits‖? (双关) ?C) Pragmatic meaning (语用意义)：It refers to the relationship between language symbols and its user, including indexical meaning(表征意义), expressive meaning(表达意义), social meaning(社会意义), imperative meaning(祈使意义), associative meaning(联想意义).
Leech(1974: 10-26)意义七分说
?概念意义(conceptual meaning)
?主位意义(thematic meaning)
?联想意义(associative meaning)
?含蓄意义(connotative meaning)、
?文体意义(stylistic meaning)、
?情感意义(affective meaning)、
?折射意义(reflected meaning)、
?搭配意义(collocative meaning)
?对语言具备的功能,翻译家和语言学家的看法基本一致,只是划分的类别出有粗细之分,综合各家之见,(陈宏薇将之)分为:
1. 信息功能 (informative function)
e.g. Gold melts at 300 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. 表情功能 (expressive function)
e.g. I‘m extremely sorry about…
3. 人际 /寒暄功能 (interpersonal / phatic function)
e.g. How are you?
Thank you for being with us! Good night!
4. 呼唤/祈使功能 (vocative function)
e.g. Come here!
?5. 美感功能 (aesthetic function)
e.g. My love‘s a red rose
6. 认知功能 (cognitive function) *
man has to use language to think , during the process, the language is performing the ~
7. 元语言功能 (metalingual function)
e.g. Chinese is a tonal language
?西方最流行的标准是等值(equivalent value)，等效(equivalent effect)，功能对等(functional equivalence)。
?陈宏薇：―功能相似，语意相符‖(similarity in function and correspondence in meaning)
翻译的标准
?鲁迅：信，顺（faithfulness，smoothness)
?严复：信，达，雅（faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance）
?刘重德：信，达，切 （faithfulness, expressiveness, closeness）
?傅雷：神似（similarity in spirit）
?钱钟书：化境 (sublimation)
译者素养 ?
?―翻译工作是一件艰苦的工作。有时候翻译比创作还要困难‖ ------郭沫若
?About a half century ago, the late respected and beloved premier Zhou Enlai, in an interview with students of Beijing Foreign Languages Institute (now Beijing Foreign Studies University), strengthened the ―basic training‖ in the three essential aspects: the enhancement of our political consciousness, the betterment of our command of the relevant languages, and the broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge.
?深厚的语言功底 (a good command of the source and target language)
?广博的文化知识 (a wide range and scope of knowledge)
?高度的责任感 (a high responsibility)
深厚的语言功底
?外文水平高
?中文水平高
?语法意识
?* 他发现前人研究地理的记载有很多不很可靠的地方。
?He found there were many unreliable points in the geography record which be researched by the people before.
?He found there were many unreliable points in the geographic records kept by his predecessors.
?惯用法意识
?连贯意识
惯用法意识列举
?1.
?2.陈先生乃中国学界泰斗，他的那本书似为汉语修辞学研究的嚆矢。
?3..怀特的作品相当费解。
?4.在旧中国，小人当道，瓦釜雷鸣的情形屡见不鲜。
?5.婚姻不自由是当时勃谿时起的原因之一。
?6.
?7.那位学贯中西的我国学者和英文大师，年轻时赴美负笈哈佛一年，即得硕士。
?8.不少人认为―信、达、雅‖
?9.那地方是块肥肉，谁都想吃。
连贯意识列举
?那人一只大手，向他摊着；一只手却撮着一个鲜红的馒头，那红的还是一点一点地往下滴。 （鲁迅《药》）
?This man was thrusting one huge extended hand towards him, while in the other he held a roll
of steamed bread, from which crimson drops were dripping to the ground.（杨宪益、戴乃迭译） 广博的文化知识
?相关国家的文化背景知识
?汉英两种语言所反映的中西文化差异知识
?翻译理论及与翻译研究相关学科的知识
高度的责任感
?严谨、端正的工作态度
?（译前准备、翻译之时、译后校核）
?敬业、乐业的主人公意识
?政治觉悟高
?The enemy killed one of our comrades and we killed an enemy agent.
?敌人杀害了我们一位同志，我们宰了一个敌特。
?The peasants and workers were hand in glove with one another in the struggle against the landlords and capitalists who worked hand in glove with each other.
?在反对狼狈为奸的地主和资本家的斗争中，工人和农民团结一致（亲如手足）。
篇二：中英文翻译
NC switching power supply
Abstract：This system based on 51 SCM control unit, used for LM2576-wild numerical control a switching power supply of fuzzy digital control technology, adjust load R1, R2 proportion to change occupies empties compared to make the output stability, and can be through the buttons, digital display to realize output voltage numerical control. In addition, the system to input pressure, flow, input output flow, switch tube overheat as well as the protection circuit, ensure that the system is stable and reliable.
Key words: the numerical control，switching power supply，LM2576-wild，micro controller
(一)The overall design of the system
System to monolithic integrated circuit AT89S52, LM2576-for the core part, and the wild through the monolithic integrated circuit to output voltage gather, comparison, operations, and the output voltage control, automatic regulation system structure diagram shown as shown in figure 1.
220 V / 50 Hz ac voltage after rectifying circuit and DC/DC voltage chip LM2576 wild transformation for stable-5 ~ 12 V DC voltage output, the output voltage through sampling circuit by sampling, A/D conversion chip ADC0804 after converting to 52 after processing, control simulation electron switch to choose 4051 respectively the nine potentiometer R2, change R1 and R2 ratio values, which change LM2576-of the wild chip PWM pulse of empty, MOS tubes work than to switch state in, the input of 15 V DC voltage "chopped" for the and of the same frequency PWM waves pulse wave, pulse wave through the rectifier filter circuit output for 5 ~ 12 V DC voltage. Because of this the topic request have nine output stepping demand, so can tune in advance each voltage resistance, through the corresponding key choice output voltage, directly to the analog switch 4067 choose resistance, they can get to output voltage. At the same time, to detect the voltage, current value through the display LCD1062 real-time display. If working current is too big, the flow detection circuit will be sent to the testing results of single-chip microcomputer, SCM control relay
through the ac branch realize over-current protection system in fault, after the operation is set by the reset button to may cause the system to resume normal work.
（二）The block diagram of the whole system
(三) Unit circuit function and the analysis of the operation
1. Minimum AT89S52 SCM system
Minimum system including crystal oscillator circuit and reset switch and power supply parts. Figure 2 for the minimum AT89S52 SCM system.
The wave rectifier circuit is made up of two half wave of rectifier circuit. Because in the next two, add on miens input voltage of the opposite polarity, therefore, to a dynamic balance, in every signal cycle, the C1 and C2 experience 2 times charger, discharge process, current will appear two current pulse with polarity. So in addition to the Vo saw tooth wave on the wavy frequency, improve the ability of double filtering, thus reduce ripple voltage.
The dc power by power supply, filtering, protection, such as voltage, four basic modules.
(1)The power transformer USES a step-down transformer, the power grid voltage 220 V transform into need ac voltage. The ac voltage
After rectifying, may obtain electronic equipment need dc voltage.
(2) Use rectifier circuit bridge rectifier circuit single-phase, 50 Hz ac alternating current transformation for direction invariable but still has the pulse size straight
Flow electricity. Its advantage is high voltage ripple voltage, small, the utilization rate of transformer high. This design by A bridge pile of bridge rectifier, RS808 do maximum current can reach 8 A, cooperate with the design of the large filter capacitance, so the power of the instantaneous large current power supply characteristics, low noise, good reaction speed, output ripple small.
（3） Filter circuit using capacitance filter circuit, will the pulsation of the rectifier circuit output filter, get most of the components is smooth dc the electricity. This circuit adopts 4700 u F / 50 V large capacitance C3, C4 to make the output voltage more smooth, the power supply characteristics moment, suitable for take the perceptual load, such as motor start-up. C3, C4 every parallel connection a 0.1 u F / 63 V CBB capacitance, filter to high frequency interference, make input to integrated circuits L11, L12 of dc as far as possible the smooth and pure.
（4） By LM317 output voltage circuit is power, LM337 output negative supply. LM317 and LM337 are used internal heat Load, contains over current protection, hot off and safety working area for perfect protection circuit, that power can save the fuse, and so easy loss device. Regulating circuit: to meet the needs of the different
application situation and the voltage is set to can be adjusted. The calculation of the output voltage Vo = 1.25 x (1 + Rf/R), adjustable resistance in use precision can be resistor and guarantee the precise output voltage can be adjusted. If this article chooses for 5 k of Rf Ω, R for 270 Ω combination, can respectively on 1.25 V ~ 24 V
1.25 V ~ 24 V achieve continuous adjustable between.
（5） Protection circuit for linear power supply heat, so the power larger add enough radiator. Due to the high performance integrated circuit, which can simplify the circuit structure, highlighting the important part in the power transformation. Through the commissioning and testing, good performance. The whole circuit The power not only can be used alone, also can be in other electronic equipment used in voltage or current stabilization source use.
2. LM2576-voltage circuit wild
Working principle:
Assume that the switch transistors, diodes are ideal components, inductance and capacitance is ideal components, the output voltage ripple voltage output voltage and the ratio of the small to allow oversight.
According to the current cycle to begin in IL inductance is starting from scratch, can be divided into current continuous working mode and inductance inductive current is discontinuous work patterns. Due to the continuous work mode inductance current converter, have very good control characteristic; Inductive current is discontinuous work mode, put the electric, inductance and capacitance easy to produce the oscillation, thus affecting the output voltage ripple; And the same occupies empties compared, output voltage in discrete model under the mode of work than the big, high efficiency. To sum up, the most ideal situation is in critical condition, stabilizer which work so we use two kinds of methods:
(1)The increase of the inductance inductive energy storage, increase, and extend the discharge of time
(2)Improve the work and reduce the frequency switch time
Make transistor in current continuous state.
3. The whole wave output rectifier circuit parameter analysis
Output filter by free-wheeling diode rectifier circuit, inductance and capacitance composition. Consider free-wheeling diode in tube by PMOS transistor conduction, when energy consumption, and work in the state, so we used the low power consumption, high current, high-speed Scotty diodes IN5817, the characteristics as follows:
Maximum peak reverse voltage: 40 V
The biggest reverse RMS voltage: 28 V
The biggest dc voltage: 40 V block
The biggest positive average rectifier current: 1 A
The biggest positive pressure drop: 0.6 V (1 A) BUCK converter principle by analysis shows that in order to make work in inductive current circuit continuous mode, and the ripple voltage
VVDVo?o(t2?t1)Ts?o2Ts2 8LC8LC
So as far as possible, should be made great inductance we choose for 8 mH inductance
Capacitors
mainly is the "absorb" ripple with a smooth, the role of the voltage waveform. Capacitance and inductance is equivalent to a low pass filtering filter, the cut-off frequency defined as
fc?
Considering the capacitance
equivalent series resistance losses, we choose the capacitance for 1000 uF.
fc???562Hz Vgs(th)?(?2~?4)V At this time the cut-off frequency of about 562 Hz ac, visible to dozens of kHz PWM waves have very good filtering effect.
4. Input over-voltage protection
When the input voltage in the normal range, the input sampling voltage comparator, less than the benchmark voltage output low level; When the input pressure, input voltage is greater than the benchmark sampling comparison output voltage, high level, ARM produce external interruption, warning, blockade, make PMOS transistor tube PWM signal, in order to protect the circuit damage.
5. Over-current protection
Usually with hall current sensor detection of current directly PMOS transistor, and then with setting the Id threshold value, compared with comparison to control the output of the driver signal shut off; Or by indirect method, the flow test voltage when the voltage drop the Vsd PMOS transistor, because the pressure drop contains short-circuit current information flow, when the Vsd increasing, and basically for linear relationship, when the Vsd and with setting the threshold value is used in the comparison, the comparator output control power circuit of the shutoff.
西安工业大学毕业设计（论文）
数控开关稳压电源
摘要:本系统基于51单片机为控制单元，采用LM2576-ADJ数控开关稳压电源中的模糊数字控制技术，调整负载R1,R2比例来改变占空比使输出稳定，并且可通过按键、数码显示实现输出电压数控。此外，系统加以输入过压、输入过流、输出过流、开关管过热等保护电路，保证系统稳定可靠地工作。
关键字：数控开关电源 LM2576-ADJ 单片机
（一）系统的总体设计
系统以单片机AT89S52、LM2576-ADJ为核心部件，通过单片机对输出电压进行采集、比较、运算，从而对输出电压进行自动调节控制， 系统结构框图如图所示。
220V/50Hz交流电压经过整流电路和DC/DC稳压芯片LM2576-ADJ变换为稳定的直流电压5～12V输出，输出电压通过取样电路采样，经A/D转换芯片ADC0804转换后送给52处理后，控制模拟电子开关4051来分别选通9个电位器R2，改变R1和R2比例值，从而改变LM2576-ADJ芯片的PWM脉冲的占空比，使MOS管工作于开关状态，将输入的15V直流电压“斩波”为与PWM波频率相同的脉冲波，脉冲波通过整流滤波电路输出为5～12V的直流电压。
因为此题目要求有9个输出步进需求，所以可以事先调好每个电压对应的电阻值，通过按键选择输出电压，直接送给模拟开关4067选通电阻，就可以得到要输出的电压。
同时将检测到的电压、电流值通过显示器LCD1062实时显示。若工作电流太大时, 过流检测电路将检测结果送至单片机, 单片机通过控制继电器切断交流支路实现过流保护, 系统在故障后通过操作设置的复位键可以使系统恢复正常工作。
（二）系统总体框图
篇三：中英互译(汇总)
中英互译文章
1. Making Self-introduction
Dear Sirs,
Established in 1950, we, a leading importer and exporter of business machines, have been expanding our business operations around the world. Now we are planning to incorporate our business activities in your market as general base in Asia.
We shall be much obliged if you will introduce to us a most reliable importer handling business machines. Our line of business includes: Typewriter, Copying Machines, Company Printing Machines, Cash Registers, Addressing Machines, etc. Concerning our financial status and reputation, please direct all inquiries to the Bank of China, the First Commercial Bank, Beijing or the Newman Cash Register Co. Ltd. in China.
Thank you very much for your co-operation. We hope to hear from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
自我介绍
我公司成立于1950年，是家商用机器大进出口商，一直在全世界扩大业务经营，现在打算把业务活动扩大到你方市场，（把你方市场）作为我公司在亚洲（开展业务活动）的总基地。 若能给我们介绍一家可靠地经营商用机器的进口商当不胜感激。我们经营的品种包括打字机、复印机、印刷机、收款机、姓名住址印写机等。关于我们的资信情况，请向中国银行。北京第一商业银行查询。
预先感谢贵方的合作。希尽快收到你方的消息。
2. Starting Business Relations with an Exporter
Dear Sirs,
We owe your name to the First Commercial Bank at your end, through whom we understand that you are well experienced in the export of engineering equipment with service.
We take this opportunity to introduce ourselves as one of the importers buying various kinds of machines, instruments, tools, etc., for clients in the east China region. In order to let us have a better understand of your products with full details. Upon receipt of such materials, we shall see what items are of interest to and pass our enquiries to you.
We anticipate the pleasure of hearing from you in the near future.
Yours sincerely,
与出口商着手业务关系
承蒙贵方第一商业银行告知贵公司名称，我们通过该行获悉贵公司在出口工程设备及服务方面卓有经验。
我们利用此机会作自我介绍：我公司是家进口商，代华东区客户购买各种机器、仪表、工具等。为使我们更好的了解你方产品，请速寄你方产品详细目录与价目单。一俟收到该材料，发现感兴趣商品，我们立即向你方发出询盘。
盼不久收到你方消息。
3. Request for the Establishment of Business Relation
Gentlemen,
As your name and address were listed in The Textile Magazine, we are writing in the hope of opening an account with your company.
We are one of the leading exporters of first class cotton and rayon goods and excellent reputation
through fifty years’ business experience. We are sure that you will be quite satisfied with our services and the excellent quality of our goods. We enclose herewith a pamphlet introducing our business standing and outline, the complete catalog of our goods, and some samples from which you will readily observe the extent of our reliabilities. If you need more objective information concerning our credit, please refer to The Bank of America, New York and Kahn Co. Ltd., Chicago.
We are looking forward to your early and favorable reply.
Very truly yours,
要求建立业务关系
先生们：
从《纺织杂志》上获悉贵公司名称地址，今致函希望与贵公司建立业务关系。
我公司是一家优质棉、人造丝商品的大出口商，在50年的业务生涯中，享有良好声誉。我们相信，贵公司对我们的服务及优良的产品质量会相当满意。随函寄送一本介绍我们商业信誉和公司概况的小册子、一份我方产品的完整目录以及一些样品，从中一眼就会看出我们值得信赖的程度。如需要更多有关我们信用的客观信息，请向纽约美洲银行和芝加哥Kahn有限公司查询。
盼速复佳音。
谨启
4. A Reply to the Request for the Establishment of Business Relations
Dear Sirs,
We thank you for your letter of 5th this month and shall be glad to enter into business relations with you.
Complying with your request, we are sending you separate cover our latest catalogue and pricelist covering our exports. Payment should be made by an irrevocable and confirmed letter of credit. If you find business possible, please contact us for offers.
For more information, please contact us through E-mail.
Yours faithfully,
对要求建立业务关系的复信
谢谢你方本月5日来信并高兴与贵公司建立业务关系。
按你方要求，我们将另封寄送我产品的最新目录和价目单。以保兑不可撤销信用证付款。如你方认为业务可行，请与我方联系索盘。
如要了解更多的情况，请通过E-mail与我们联系。
5. Making an Enquiry
Dear Sirs,
We have got the address of your company through your www.wongsheng.com.cn.
Let us introduce our company. Our main business is selling famous-brand athletic shoes, such as Nike, Adidas, and so on. We believe there is a promising market in the U.S.A. and Canada. We are looking for a supplier as our long term partner, and we would like you to send us detailed information on such items, including sizes, colours, and your lowest quotations on CIF New York. If your prices are competitive, we may place a large order.
We are looking forward to hearing soon about what we need in this regard.
Yours sincerely,
询盘
我们从你们网址www.wongsheng.com.cn获悉你公司地址。
让我们自我介绍。我们的主要业务是销售名牌运动鞋——耐克、阿迪达斯等品牌。我们认为该货在美国和加拿大市场看好。我们正在寻找一家供货商作为长期伙伴，并希望贵公司向我们提供有关该商品德详细情况，包括尺码、颜色和你方CIF纽约最低报价单。如你方价格有竞争力，我们会大量订货。
盼早日收到有关我方所需商品的消息。
6. Making an Offer
Dear Sirs,
We are very pleased to receive your enquiry of April 6. We are sending you our quotation today, and the latest illustrated catalogue and samples by separate post.
As requested, we are making you, subject to your acceptance reaching us not later than April 20, the following offer based on 20’FCL. Quantities less than that are slightly higher. Other terms and conditions are the same as usual.
As there has been a large demand for the two items, such a growing demand can only result in the increase in price. We advise you to place an order as soon as possible.
We are looking forward to having your early order.
Yours sincerely
报盘
非常高兴收到你方4月6日询盘。我们今天寄送报单。最新图例目录和样品另封寄出。 按要求，我们以20英尺整箱集装箱为基础向你方作如下报盘，以你方接受不迟于4月20日抵达为准。如订货数量小于报盘数量，价格则略高些。其他条件如故。
由于对这来年各个品种需求量大，必然造成价格上涨，劝你方尽早订货。
盼早日收到你方订单。
7. Sending Proforma Invoice
Dear Sirs,
Thank you for your interest in purchasing 6000 pieces of our Good Luck Brand Electric Fans. Complying with request in your letter dated April 26, we take pleasure in enclosing you our Proforma Invoice in quadruplicate. We would like you note that our offer remains valid for ten days only.
For your information, the goods you enquired for have commanded a good market, and we have received a lot of other enquiries for them. Please take all the necessary steps you can do without delay.
We anticipate the pleasure hearing from you soon.
Yours Faithfully,
寄形式发票
谢谢贵方拟购6000台好运牌电风扇。按照你方4月26日信中要求，我们附寄形式发票一式四份。请注意，我方报盘有效期仅为10天。
供你方参考，你们所询购的货物十分畅销，我们已收到该货的大量询盘。请你方立即采取必要步骤。
盼早日收到你方消息。
8. Making a Voluntary Offer
Dear Sirs,
You might be interested in our Chinese silk goods. We are sending you herewith a copy of sample book illustrating our full-range products, together with our current pricelist.
All our silk items are of nice colours, modern designs and good quality. They are selling very
well in the new season. From all the list prices, a trade discount of 30% and a further special discount are allowed, that is 35% in all, if orders arrive at us on or before May 11. Perhaps you would be good enough to study the information sent by us, and you will observe that at the quoted prices, the goods we are offering are good value for money after a trail order. Why not take full advantage of the favourable terms?
We trust that many of the items in our catalogue will be of interest to you. We would be pleased to serve you if you like them.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
主动报盘
你们可能会对中国丝绸品感兴趣。我们随函寄送有关我们全套产品的图例样品薄和现行价目单。
我们所有的丝绸品均颜色好、设计时新、品质优良，在本季度很畅销。如订单于5月11日或之前抵达，对价目单价格均给30%贸易折扣，并再给特别折扣，共计为35%。敬请研究我们提供的信息。试订后，你们会发现，按所报价格，该产品货真价实。为什么不充分利用这有利的条件？
我们确信，你们会对目录中许多品种感兴趣。如果你们喜欢，我们愿意为您服务。 盼早日收到你方消息。
9. Request for Lower Price
Dear Sirs,
We are pleased to receive your offer of March 22, 2005 and an illustrated catalogue.
In reply, we regret to say that your prices are out of line with the current market level. Information here shows that the makes offered by you can be obtained from other sources at prices much lower than yours. Moreover, the market is declining.
In this case, it is impossible for us to persuade our customers to accept your prices even though you can supply full-rang famous-brand athletic shoes. If you were prepared to reduce your limit by, say 6%, we might come to terms.
It is true competitive prices will often result in a high market share with great profit in the future. We wish you to consider this factor.
We await your prompt reply.
Yours sincerely,
要求减价
(转 载于:wWw.SmHaIDA.cOM 海达 范文 网:百度中英文互译)很高兴收到你方2005年3月22日的报盘及图例目录。
兹复，很遗憾，你方价格与现行市价不符。这里有信息表明，你方所报的货物可从其他货源得到，价格比你们的低得多。此外，行情在下跌、
在这种情况下，即使你方能提供系列名牌运动鞋，我们也不可能劝客户接受你方价格。若你方打算减价，比如6%，我们可能成交。
事实上，有竞争性的价格通常会带来高市场份额和丰厚的利润回报。希望你们考虑此点。 等待你方迅速回复。
10. Declining Price Reduction
Dear Sirs,
Thank you for your fax of April 2, but we regret to learn that you feel our prices too high.
We would like to point out that the prices we quoted are our lowest level, which makes the profit margin very thin. So we can not see our way clear to make any reduction in the price of this type.
With a view to supporting your sales, we recommend our Type304 as an excellent substitute at your previously-mentioned price. It is of the similar quality and function to the substance you demand.
Your favourable consideration of this opportunity would be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
拒绝减价
谢谢你放4月2日传真。但很遗憾，你们认为我方价格太高。
须指出，我们所报的价格已是最低价，赚头很小，所以不能减价。
为鼓励你方销售，我们推荐304型作为你们先前提到价格的绝好替代品。该型号产品的质量与功能，与你们所要的货物的质量与功能类似。
请充分考虑我们建议。
11. Concession on Price
Dear Sirs,
We are glad to receive your letter of April 5. To our regret, we are informed that our prices can’t match the market level. Considering the quality of the shoes offered, we feel our prices realistic, even though a large number of shoes of similar design from various other countries are sold at price below ours. Ours low leave with narrow margin of profit.
Therefore we are very sorry to say that we are not in a position to accept your counter-offer or even to meet you half way. But we are anxious to do everything we can to aid an old customer like you to develop the trade. We are prepared to allow you 4% commission on each pair, plus a discount of 5% on all orders coming to us before the end of this month.
We are looking forward to having your early order.
Yours sincerely,
要求减价
高兴地收到你方4月5日来信。非常遗憾，你们认为我方价格与市价不相称。虽然有大量其他国家类似式样的鞋，售价低于我方价格，但考虑到所报鞋的质量，我们认为我方价格是实际的。我们的价格低，没给我们留多大赚头。
因此，很抱歉，我们不能接受你方还盘，甚至各让一半。但我们十分想尽可能帮助像你们这样的老客户发展贸易。我们打算对每双鞋给4%佣金，对本月底之前发来的所有订单另加5%折扣。
盼早日收到你方订单。
12. Increase in Price
Dear Sirs,
We wish to inform you that we have adjusted the price as we previously quoted you for the cell phones you required. Our new prices take effect on September 20.
May we explain the increase in the prices to you. They result from three points: the sudden rise in freight cost on September 19 because of tighter freight and port market; the continual increase in the prices of material; the steady rise in the labour cost as the result of economics in the directions. We know frequent changes of price are most unfavourable, but we can’t keep our old prices any longer in order to cover the increasing cost: cut the allowance to 3% on purchase quantity not less than 1000 articles, and reduce the commission to 4% each.
In fact, these prices are still about 3% below the market level because we would like to continue to do business with you. Furthermore, our goods remain competitive for their excellent quality, fashionable designs and popular colours. We trust they will help you a lot of stand firmly in your
篇四：英汉互译
英汉互译
1、 我们应该互相帮助 。
2、 上周他们分道扬镳了。
3、 昨天我们达成了协议。
4、 When is your first time to come to China?
5、 To our surprise, he held out his hands.
6、 那位女孩正站在前面。
7、 我准备写作业。
8、 You can call me “Mr. Li”.
9、 He likes to play basketball for exercise.
10、 Drinking milk is good for you.
11、 我认为他擅长画画。
12、 美术老师已经教了我们三年了。
13、 不要上课迟到。
14、 I am much better at math this year.
15、 I hope I will become a scientist in the future
16、 禁止游泳。
17、 请按时到达这儿。
18、 几点了？
19、 Let’s meet at a quarter to four.
20、 A thief rushed into the room yesterday.
21、 最后，丽莎向我们展示了一些体操。
22、 咱们谈论一下这本杂志吧！
23、 Everyone was very surprised.
24、 I have been in China for three years.
25、 Each of the students has a pencil.
26、 你要多大尺寸的？
27、 你的鞋和我的鞋颜色相同。
28、 无论如何我都不喜欢月饼。
29、 I’d like to buy a present for him.
30、 I don’t think he can answer the question.
31、 我昨天不走运。
32、 他常站在山顶上。
33、 Remember me when you use the pen.
34、 I wish you a long life.
35、 Please buy me some new stamps.
36、 禁止停车！
37、 他经常骑自行车去上学。
38、 因为妈妈病了，所以我必须照顾她。
39、 He is standing at the street corner.
40、 There are so many cars in the street every day.
41、 我们每天上英语课。
42、 使我们惊奇的是，他能来学校。
43、 My pet dog always follows me around.
44、 He often walks around after supper.
45、 On my way to Shijiazhuang I got lost
46、 今天他是第一个进入教室的男孩
47、 那英是很受欢迎的流行歌手之一
48、 There is a smell of cooking.
49、 It’s very enjoyable to interview the kind tailor.
50、 那个女孩面带笑容回家了。
51、 这项工作既令人兴奋又具有挑战性。
52、 书店距我家只有两条街区。
53、 I have a lot of homework to do.
54、 It has so many good things to read.
55、 Turn right at the second crossing.
56、 He’s so clever a boy.
57、 我将自己介绍给我的同学们。
58、 去购物怎么样？
59、 My book is the same as yours.
60、 男孩中有一个来自加拿大。
61、 她是一个如此漂亮的女孩。
62、 我们也喜欢我们的英语老师。
63、 Our classroom is the same as yours.
64、 I don’t know how to use this computer.
65、 去游泳怎么样？
66、 咱们在这张大纸上粘上我们的图画吧。
67、 I hate watching TV ,but I don’t hate to watch it today.
68、 We need another ten boys to help us.
69、 他们两个都是医生。
70、 他和一个医生结婚了。
71、 游泳是很好的运动。
72、 我很高兴帮助你。
73、 She invited me to go to the movies with her next Sunday.
74、 到了上学的时间了。
75、 Each student has a book.
76、 I am much better at art this year.
77、 I often watch the children play games in the park.
78、 But I saw him smile.
79、 他是学语言最好的方法。
80、 怎么了？
81、 他看起来是个好人。
82、 我好像把书忘在家里了。
83、 It seemed that he was very happy.
84、 I have downloaded some more pictures of Beijing
85、 Maybe it’ll rain tomorrow.
86、 我对英语感兴趣。
87、 他带我们去了一个很漂亮的海滩。
88、 The old photo reminds me of my grandmother.
89、 Have you done anything interesting this week?
90、 I have something important to tell you.
91、 我要去祖父母家。
92、 那位老人记忆力好
93、 你想要什么颜色的？
94、 That’s too expensive.
95、 Does it fit?
96、 我希望不久见到你。
97、 他一个人生活
98、 The boy runs across the playground.
99、 The plane flies over the city.
100、 He runs fast enough.
篇五：英汉互译
推荐访问:中英互译下载 中英文互译在线翻译 中英文在线翻译 中英文互译器那个好用